Fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism, in proposing, performing, or reviewing research or in reporting research results. It does not include honest error or differences of opinion.

• Fabrication: Making up data or results and then recording or reporting them.
• Falsification: Manipulating research materials, equipment, or processes, or changing or omitting data or results, such that the research is not accurately represented in the research record.
• Plagiarism: The appropriation of another person's ideas, processes, results, or words without giving appropriate credit.